Intravenous simply
means "within vein" (or "inside the vein"). Therapies
administered intravenously are often included in the designation of specialty
drugs. Intravenous infusions are commonly referred to as drips because many
systems of administration employ a drip chamber, which prevents air from entering
the blood stream (air embolism), and allows an estimation of flow rate.
Intravenous
therapy may be used to correct electrolyte imbalances, to deliver medications,
for blood transfusion or as fluid replacement to correct, for example,
dehydration. Intravenous therapy can also be used for chemotherapy.
Compared with
other routes of administration, the intravenous route is the fastest way to
deliver fluids and medications throughout the body. The bioavailability of the
medication is 100% in IV therapy.
Intravenous
infusions are fluid solutions administered through a vein. There are numerous
different types of solutions available, but they can be broken down into simple
categories depending on the function they serve. Some replace lost fluids, and
others provide nutrients, replace lost blood, and deliver medications.
One of the most
common uses for intravenous infusions is to replenish fluids lost through
dehydration. These infusions often contain normal saline solution, a
combination of sterile water and sodium chloride. This solution is known as an
isotonic crystalloid, or a solution that contains the same amount of
electrolytes as plasma in the body. It is used in cases of moderate to severe
dehydration, such as that caused by vomiting or diarrhea, when replacing the
fluids quickly is vital.
When a patient`s
gastrointestinal tract is compromised and nutrients cannot be absorbed - or
eating can worsen the condition - intravenous infusions called total parenteral
nutrition may be given. These solutions contain a mix of sterile water,
electrolytes, sugar, proteins, fats, and other nutrients, depending on the
needs of the patient. Diseases and disorders that commonly require total
parenteral nutrition include late stages of Crohn`s disease, obstructive bowel
disorder, and ulcerative colitis.
Intravenous
infusions are also used to deliver medication directly to the blood stream.
Certain medications, such as intravenous immunoglobulin, a type of antibody,
can only be given through the vein. Other medications, such as certain narcotic
pain relievers, are given intravenously because the method allows them to they
work faster than when taken orally. Chemotherapy for treatment of cancer is
also typically given intravenously.
When performed by
a medical professional, intravenous infusions are typically safe. The most
common reaction is mild pain and redness at the site of the injection, although
different medications may cause different side effects. Any time the skin is
punctured, there is a risk of infection. Having a medical professional,
typically a nurse, monitor the Intravenous Infusion and change the injection
site when irritation is evident can help prevent complications.
IV Infusion IV Infusion, Glucose IV Infusion,Intravenous Infusion NOUVASANT PHARMhealth LTD. , http://www.nouvasant.com
If the friction plate is seriously damaged and the thickness becomes thinner, the brake clearance will increase and affect the braking effect. The adjustment gasket at the brake cover should be appropriately increased to meet the specified clearance requirements. If the inside of the brake enters mud or oil, the friction coefficient is reduced and the brake malfunctions. Replace the oil seal and the rubber seal, clean the brake parts with gasoline, and dry them before use. If the brake fails due to the failure of the brake spring or the steel ball jams, the brake should be disassembled, and the brake should be disassembled. Replace the return spring. Grind the brake platen groove and ball with a fine emery cloth, clean the surface and install the replicator. . If the brake pedal's free stroke is too large, causing the brake to malfunction or fail, the interlocking piece of the brake pedal should be released, and the free strokes of the left and right brake pedals should be adjusted according to the regulations, and then installed and reused.
Second, brake heat
If the brake pedal clearance is too small and the tractor is prone to self-brake when driving, causing the brake to heat up, the free stroke of the brake pedal should be readjusted so that the left and right brake pedals should have a free stroke of 90-120 mm. If the friction of the splined spline hole and the spline shaft is too tight to cause the brake to generate heat, the splines should be repaired until the friction plate is free to move on the splined shaft. If the brake pressure plate return spring failure, so that the brake pressure plate can not automatically return, the brake is in a semi-brake state, so that the friction plate heat, replace the return spring. If the ball is stuck in the groove, causing the brake to heat up, apply gasoline to clean the steel ball and brake platen groove, and use a fine emery cloth to polish the ball and groove, and apply a small amount of butter to the groove, and then use it again. .
Third, the tractor runs off
If the left and right brake pedals do not have the same free stroke, they should be re-adjusted so that the left and right brake pedals are basically the same. If the brake slips on one side of the brake, it is necessary to find out the reason, clean the parts in the brake, or replace the oil seal and the rubber seal before loading and reuse. If unilateral brakes are used in field operations, the internal friction linings of the side are seriously worn and the tractor runs away. Replace the friction linings.
One, brake failure