When replanting the same kind of fruit trees on the old orchard site, the phenomenon of replantation (repech disease) such as low survival rate, small growth, low yield, and poor quality is often exhibited. The reasons are as follows: First, the inhibition of the fruit trees of the former pods on the fruit trees; the second is the infiltration of soil microorganisms; the third is the lack or accumulation of soil nutrient elements. For the above reasons, the following cultivation measures can be taken:
First, soil treatment. (1) Soil disinfection. With 37% formaldehyde treatment effect is better, the cost is lower. During the treatment, the soil in the planting hole or in the planting ditch was dug up, and then formalin was sprayed while filling the soil. After spraying, the soil is covered with a mulching film to kill nematodes, bacteria, radioactive bacteria and fungi in the soil, or high-dose methyl bromide is used, and the effect is obvious. (2) Deeply change soil. Deep plowing can be performed in the planting hole to dig up and remove 0.5 cubic meters of soil from the planting hole. The soil can be filled into the planting hole, and then the fruit tree can be planted to prevent the replantation of fruit trees. (3) fruit tree rotation. In the orchard where the previous planting of peaches is planted, fruit trees such as peaches, apricots, plums, and cherries should not be planted in order to plant pears. The former is an apple orchard and it is better to plant cherries.
Second, the application of VAM fungi. The VAM fungus is an endophytic mycorrhizal fungus that is beneficially associated with fruit trees. When the fruit trees are planted heavily, the direct inoculation of VAM fungi in the rhizosphere of fruit trees can reduce the occurrence of replant diseases in fruit trees and promote the growth and fruiting of fruit trees. It is also possible to plant legumes such as clover and alfalfa before planting fruit trees. These leguminous crops are the hosts of VAM fungi. Planting these crops can promote the occurrence, development and large-scale reproduction of VAM fungi in the soil. At the same time, it can also fix nitrogen and increase soil fertility. In particular, inoculation of VAM fungi on the basis of soil disinfection has a very significant effect on the prevention of replantation of fruit trees.
Third, scientific supplements of soil nutrients. Before orchard planting, soil analysis of the orchard should be conducted to understand the loss or accumulation of nutrients in the orchard soil. Then determine the orchard fertilization program, supplement and regulate the nutrient elements in the soil, pay particular attention to the application of organic fertilizers and trace elements.
Fourth, use resistant seedlings. When fruit trees are planted in orchards, it is an ideal measure to use anti-replant disease fruit trees.
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