Key Techniques for Improving the Quality of Wheat Sowing

First, the fine soil preparation before the cultivation of land is mainly to immediately exterminate, as far as possible to save precipitation during the rainy season, while the uneven ground before the ploughing to increase filling, increase the flatness. After the cultivation, the soil preparation is mainly to further crush the soil and increase the tightness of the surface soil and the leveling of the ground. Before and after the snoring, the soil can be set as required. For deep, high-yield fields with deep soil, the depth of ploughing should be 25 cm or more, and the middle tract should be 23 cm or more. In general, the machine cultivation should be combined with the machine and the soil preparation should meet the following agronomic requirements: timely, in order to facilitate drought protection; the topsoil layer is loose and loose, and there is a certain degree of tightness under the topsoil; the working depth must meet the specified requirements and maintain the same depth. Flat ground, no leakage, leakage pressure phenomenon. The commonly used soil preparation machines are disk rakes, nail rakes, and rotary cultivators. On the basis of a good land, we must make good efforts to ensure that we plant enough seeds. In dryland wheat fields, when the rain meets, the seeds must be sown to ensure the seedlings are full and Miao Qi.

Second, the selection of thoroughbreds for rational selection of improved varieties is a simple, easy-to-promote measure for increasing production. However, thoroughbreds are relative. Each breed has its own characteristics, all require certain cultivation conditions and production levels, reasonable selection of good varieties of the road, and do a good job in variety layout. However, the selected species should not be too much or too little. Too much variety can cause seeds to be mixed, and too few can reduce the overall resilience. In the selection of varieties, special attention should be paid to the following points: First, use medium-early-maturing varieties as much as possible so as to avoid natural disasters such as dry hot wind, and facilitate the timely harvesting and growth of the crops under the crop. The second is the selection of varieties with a longer suitable sowing period and a more flexible sowing date. The third is to select varieties with strong lodging resistance, and to support the promotion of semi-finished sowing techniques for precision sowing, establish a reasonable group structure, reduce pest damage, and reduce the danger of later lodging.

Third, the use of seed treatment agent treatment, can effectively control wheat sheath blight and underground pests, etc., and can also treat rodents.

Fourth, formula fertilization In addition to early arable land and irrigated land to vigorously promote the return of straw, but also wide open fertilizer sources, increase organic fertilizer, fertility and fertility, wheat is the basis for high yield and stable quality. We must pay attention to the rational use of chemical fertilizers, and focus on adjusting the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus in order to improve fertilizer efficiency. High-yielding fields need to “control nitrogen, increase phosphorus, and increase potassium”, and high-yield fields should “stabilize nitrogen and increase phosphorus”, and low-yield fields should “add nitrogen and increase phosphorus”. High-yielding fields generally apply 50-70 kg of standard nitrogen fertilizer per 667 square meters, 40-50 kg of standard phosphate fertilizer, 10 kg of potassium fertilizer, 1.5 kg of zinc fertilizer, and all base fertilizers of organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer, and 50% of nitrogen fertilizer. , 50% jointing stage topdressing; middle production field generally applies 50-60 kg of standard nitrogen fertilizer per 667 square meters, 50 kg of standard phosphate fertilizer, 5-10 kg of potash fertilizer, and 40-50 kg of standard nitrogen fertilizer per 667 square meters of low-yield farmland. Phosphorus fertilizer 50 kg. At the same time pay attention to fertilization methods to improve fertilizer efficiency. Ammonium bicarbonate should be applied to the plow so as not to volatilize the fertilizer and reduce the fertilizer effect.

V. Proper sowing at appropriate dates is also an important measure to ensure the completeness of wheat seedlings and seedlings. Therefore, we must strictly control the sowing time and ensure proper sowing.

Sixth, suitable for deep sowing In deep plowing, the wheat roots are mainly distributed in 0-50 cm soil layer, and under shallow tillage rough conditions, distributed in 0-20 cm soil layer, the root depth can only yield many. The sowing depth of wheat is preferably 3-4 cm. When sowing is too deep, the stems in the wheat field are elongated for too long, so that the normally-not-stretched tiller section is stretched from the first to the second internodes. In the process of seedling emergence, too much nutrients are consumed in the seeds, and the growth of the seedlings is weak. Less, the accumulation of nutrients within the plant is less, the ability of resistance to freezing is weak, and large numbers of dead seedlings occur in winter and early spring. When the seed is too shallow, the seeds will dry out due to soil loss in the process of germination and seedling emergence. Shallow childbirth is too close to the ground and weak antifreeze is not conducive to safe wintering.

7. The planting period of pests and weeds is the key period for preventing various wheat diseases and pests, weeds and rodents in wheat fields. It is necessary to adhere to the plant protection policy of “prevention-oriented, comprehensive prevention and control”, and effectively grasp pesticide seed dressing, soil treatment and seed packages. Clothing work, and strive to fully control the hazards of wheat field pests, to ensure the safe production of wheat.

Eight, re-grasping techniques such as dry farming must choose drought-resistant wheat varieties, in order to plant provincial water; and to do fine soil preparation, apply more organic fertilizer and increase phosphate fertilizer, in order to play a role in water storage, water conservation and fertilizer Ji Shui . Dry wheat crops should be sown early in due course and a reasonable population should be established to save water. In addition, the timely eradication, scratching, and repression are also important measures for increasing wheat yield in dryland.