Planting and management of autumn strawberries

First, choose to plant good seeds. It is advisable to use varieties with early flower bud differentiation, cold-tolerance, high yield, and good quality, such as Fengxiang, Chunxiang, Jingxiang, Jixin, Xinxing, Juzao, Wuxiangxiang, Mingbao and others. Strawberry self-rigged strong, but with l ~ 2 other pollination varieties, can significantly increase production. When choosing the seedlings, try to use the female nursery rather than the nursery seedlings to produce seedlings that are close to the mother plant, have many leaves, have a good root system, and produce 1-3 seedlings that are most prosperous.

Second, the transplant period. The northern part of the country is usually planted with more strawberries before and after the beginning of autumn. During this period, the temperature is moderate and the rainfall is abundant (spring planting is possible). After survival, the seedlings have enough days for growth to make the seedlings grow robustly and form full flower buds.

Third, do fertilization. The strawberry is suitable for thick soil, fertile soil, loose soil, sandy loam soil near the water source, weak acid soil. Before soil preparation, soil disinfection and fertilization are required. Basal fertilizer is generally 1500 to 2500 kg per 667 m2 (decayed), 75 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 15 kg of urea. For pod cultivation, plant each row 2 rows, spacing 20 cm, spacing 12 cm, about 10,000 seedlings per 667 square meters, leaving a 30 cm wide aisle between the two. When planting a loquat plant, each plant is planted in two rows with a spacing of 20 cm, a plant spacing of 15 cm, and 9000 plants per 667 m2.

Fourth, lifting transportation. In order to promote easing of seedlings, transplanting is best done on rainy days. Before the shipment begins, it is necessary to control the fertilizer and water and timely airing. If it needs to be transported outside, it should be put into a water-dried bag. If you choose a transportation line with good road conditions, you can use container transportation. The transportation time is best when the temperature is low in the early morning or early evening. Pay attention to anti-squeezing, anti-exposure, ventilation and heat dissipation during transportation. After the shipment, it should be washed with water and planted as soon as possible.

Fifth, suitable for planting. Can be used before (5 ~ 10) 10-6 NAA solution dipping root 2 ~ 6 hours. The depth of colonization is the key to the survival of strawberries after planting. In order to make the seedlings flush with the land surface, the seedlings are buried too deeply, and the seedlings are eroded and dead. The young stems are exposed and the seedlings are dried and dried. So "Deeply immersed in the deep, shallow rootless." At the same time should pay attention to the direction of the seedlings, the side with the old stem borer toward the inside of the medial malleolus or medial malleolus, so that the ear more concentrated in the outer side of the gills or gills, easy to pick.

Six, the whole leaf colonization. According to information, when planting strawberry seedlings, the old leaves must be removed and the large leaves must be removed. Only the petiole and 2 to 3 heart leaves are preserved, which can reduce water evaporation and facilitate survival. It has been proved by practice that it is very troublesome to remove the old leaves from the tree by planting seedlings, and that the old leaves have more scars after they fall off or fall off, and the seedlings are more likely to lose water. Through trials and demonstrations, we did not remove the old leaves (except the dried yellow leaves), that is, we planted the entire leaves. There are three advantages: First, there are no scars in the strawberry seedlings, which can reduce the evaporation of large amounts of water; second, the leaves have a shade effect after colonization. It can reduce the soil temperature and reduce the evaporation of soil, especially the root soil moisture. Third, there are many leaf blades, which can enhance photosynthesis, promote the growth of new roots and new leaves, slow seedling growth, and high survival rate. After easing the seedlings, the old leaves are destroyed and 4 to 5 leaves are appropriate. After planting, it is necessary to timely irrigate "set root water", and timely check after irrigation, and timely adjust the dew root or burying seedlings.

Seven, after the plant tube. Choose rainy days or sunny evening planting, and pour small water 1 to 2 times a day, morning or night, within 2 to 3 days after planting, and then change to 2 to 3 days to pour water once. In sunny days, transplanting should be shaded artificially, and 4 to 5 days after planting, the seedlings should be allowed to stand. After 7 to 8 days, the shed should be removed. Watering should be conducted promptly after seedlings are soaked. Apply urea 7.5 kg per 667 square meters to promote normal seedling growth. Water should be poured once before entering winter. When the temperature dropped to minus 4 °C ~ 5 °C, timely covering with straw, a thickness of 10 to 20 cm.

Eight, prevention and treatment of pests. Frequent diseases and insect pests in strawberry mainly include gray mold, powdery mildew, bud blight, virus disease, aphids, and red spiders. Control methods: Botrytis cinerea can be controlled by spraying 50% carbendazim 1000 times; powdery mildew can be controlled by 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times; virus disease can be used to kill soil of continuous crops and control locusts. Minhang prevention. Many red spiders have large inhabited density in the lower leaves of the plant. Therefore, removing the diseased leaves and the yellow leaves at any time can effectively reduce the transmission of the insects; they can use low residue and strong contact with 20% of diethylene ether emulsifiable concentrate 1000 to 1500 times, spraying. 2 times, every 5 to 8 days.