Panicle blast mainly damages the panicle neck, cob, branch and grain of rice, and produces brown rot spots on the panicle neck and cob, which can cause increased empty grains and 1000-grain weight, which has a great influence on rice yield and quality. Right now it is at high temperatures and rainy seasons, so production should pay attention to strengthening prevention and control. The following describes the main symptoms, occurrence characteristics and prevention methods.
The main symptoms: Panicle blast mainly occurs at the base of rice spikes and peduncles, producing small brown spots. The lesions spread around and spread around the neck and branches, and develop up and down respectively. The diseased parts are brown or dark green. In wet conditions, a gray green mold layer can also be produced on the lesions. As early as the occurrence of panicle neck pods and white spikes, the late grain will not be full.
Disease characteristics: Rice blast disease in rice seedling stage, transplanting tillering stage and heading stage infestation, the formation of seedlings, leafhoppers and panicle blast. Among them, panicle pods have the greatest impact on rice, which impairs the panicle and neck of main pedicel to the branching of the first peduncle and the cobs and branches, resulting in a decline in yield and quality. The occurrence of panicle-necked beetle, in addition to a certain relationship with the species, the main decisive factor is the weather conditions at the heading and flowering stage. The heading period (mid-to late-August) is continuous with rain, low temperatures, and is popular. For this reason, after heading and flowering, rice headings are often covered with rain and rain, lack of sunshine or when there is fine weather, or in the morning or evening when there is cloudiness or condensation. The disease resistance at heading stage was weak at the time of ear-sprouting, and partial application of nitrogenous fertilizer was beneficial to the disease. We should guard against the occurrence of panicle blast.
Control methods: Take comprehensive measures and prevent and control rice spikes and necks. First, we must select suitable varieties for disease resistance in rice cultivation; Second, we must rationalize the application of fertilizers, increase organic fertilizers, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers; Third, pay attention to reasonable irrigation, so that thin water into the fields, deep water, green, shallow moisture, sufficient seedlings , Booting, heading to wet irrigation irrigation during the yellow ripe irrigation method to avoid flooding irrigation; Fourth, we must do a good job of chemical control. The first application of 8% thiabendazole granules was to spray 2 kg of fine sand per acre 20 days before the beginning of panicle for control. Secondly, they were given once each during the break period and heading period. In addition to the prevention and treatment of pancreatic diseases, there are special agents such as kasugamycin, Shiro, and rice blast. When applying pesticides, pay attention to the alternation of pharmaceuticals and pay attention to the quality of the application. Spray should be even and thorough to prevent leakage.
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