Alpine continuous cropping of bitter gourd grafted to prevent wilt

Alpine bitter gourd came on the market during the off-season period of supply of bitter gourd and was sold well on the market. Bitter gourd is prone to blight and nematode disease in continuous cropping. Especially in the production base of alpine bitter gourd, bitter gourd production is often difficult to avoid continuous cropping. The use of sponge gourd as grafting anvil can effectively prevent bitter melon wilt and root knot nematode disease, maintain plant growth, and significantly improve the low temperature tolerance of bitter gourd, and it can also extend the fruiting period and significantly increase yield.

1. Selection of Rootstock Winter gourd, cucumber and watermelon should not be used as rootstock for bitter gourd. Although ordinary pumpkin varieties can be used as rootstock of bitter gourd, but the survival rate of most varieties after grafting is not high; although the survival rate is high after grafting with gourd as rootstock, grafted seedlings are susceptible to root rot, poor growth potential, severe premature aging, and fertility. The period is greatly shortened; grafted seedlings with loofah as an anvil, not only have a high survival rate after grafting, but also have a strong growth potential. The current production of more used in the Taiwanese farmers seedling company's rootstock varieties "double-based." The variety has a good affinity with bitter gourd, is resistant to the wilt of bitter gourd, and is resistant to root-knot nematode disease. The bitter gourd grows vigorously after grafting, and the result is much earlier, which is an ideal rootstock for bitter gourd. In addition can also be used for farm meat loofah varieties. The loofah anvil is mostly used for picking and picking. You can also use the "animals", "co-prosperity" and sunspot pumpkin and other pumpkin anvils, pumpkin anvil is mostly used to rely on plug.

2. Cotyledon seedlings are used for plugging rootstocks and scions. Bitter gourd seed skin thick and hard, using conventional method to germinate seedlings late, germination rate is low, it is necessary to use warm soup soaking. After soaking in warm water of 55-60°C for 10-15 minutes, soaking for 12-24 hours in water temperature of 30°C. After repeated scrubbing, put it into a breathable yarn bag and germinate at 30°C. After about 3 to 4 days, about 80% of the seeds will be exposed. It can be sown and planted in a sunny greenhouse without soil wilt. The first real leaf and the 1 leaf and 1 heart of the bitter gourd are suitable for grafting. Using a grafting blade, the squash of the sunspot seedlings was cut down to a length of 1 cm in 40 cuts, and the depth was 2/3 of the stem diameter. The two were cut and inserted together, and a special clip for grafting was clipped. After shading for 1 to 3 days, shading and moisturizing. 3 to 7 days, light from 10:00 to 15:00 every day, the rest of the time according to scattered light, indoor maintained at 32 °C during the day and night at 20 °C, humidity of about 90%. 7 days after the regular management. Check the grafting site 10 days later, if successful, cut the root of the bitter gourd. At the same time, cool the seedlings, keep the temperature at 25°C during the day and 15°C at night. By rootstock with rootstock plugging, the survival rate is high, the management is convenient, the growth is more robust at the initial stage, and it has considerable ability to resist disease and increase production significantly. However, the scion bitter gourd seedlings are easy to contact with the soil, and it is necessary to pay attention to soil contact to cause blight and root rot infection.

3. The top pods of bitter gourd scion as early as possible than the rootstock variety luffa sowing, early emergence, to provide more scion. When the bitter gourd seedlings grow to the appropriate period, the top buds are excised with a flame-sterilized blade to grow more sub-vines for scion cutting. If bitter gourd is found to be infected with virus disease or other diseases, it must be immediately cleared to ensure a healthy mother. Strains. At the same time in the greenhouse to cultivate robust loofah seedlings, loofah when there is a true leaf grafting appropriate period. Choose to graft on a cloudy or sunny evening. 2 to 3 hours prior to grafting, the rootstock seedlings were wetted first, and the growing point and true leaves of the loofah were excised with a sterilized blade, leaving only 2 cotyledons, and then longitudinally cutting the hypocotyls between the two cotyledons to a depth of 1.0 to 1.5. cm. A section of unopened twigs of leaves was cut from the mother plants of bitter gourds. The stem of the bitter gourd scion cut from the mother plant was double-wedgeed on both sides of the stem and was about 1.0-1.5 cm long. The scioned bitter gourd scion was inserted into the hypocotyls cut by the rootstock loofah, and was clamped with a grafting clip so that the scion was closely attached and fixed. The grafted seedlings were placed in a light-shielded plastic shed. No watering was required to maintain a high humidity. After about 1 week, the scion had survived. The transplanted light was then transplanted in a light-transmitting greenhouse and cultivated and managed according to the general method for 1 month. After planting.