Wheat Management Technology Collection

Saline and alkali wheat field management skills

Field cultivation in wheat field, saline-alkali does not increase cultivating wheat in saline-alkali land can not only loosen the soil, reduce water evaporation, reduce the accumulation of salt and alkali on the surface, but also can increase the temperature, promote the early growth of wheat seedlings, and enhance the ability to resist salt and alkali .

Increase the application of organic fertilizer, high-yielding farmer premise said: "alkali eat, fecal alkaloids." In the winter and spring to the saline-alkali wheat increased organic fertilizer, is to seize the saline-alkali wheat high yield one of the important measures. Increase the amount of organic fertilizer per acre 2 to 3 cubic meters.

Molybdenum is alkaline, and ash must be depleted. Cassia is an organic fertilizer containing potassium sulfate and calcium oxide. It is similar in nature to sodium ions. If saline ash is applied to wheat in saline soil, the soil structure will become worse.

Alkaline land does not pour urine, and urine is poorly contaminated. Urinary fertilizer contains more salt, and urine is poured on saline-alkali land wheat, which will increase the salt content in the soil and cause more serious damage to wheat seedlings.

Doing crickets is the key. To catch the tiger on the mountain in the early spring, it is necessary to promptly make ridges and ridges for the wheat in the saline-alkali land. That is, the ridges of the wheat ridges should be raked to the back of the ridge to form a sorghum on the back of the ridge so that the harm to the wheat seedlings can be reduced.

Pouring well to return to Qingshui, less salinity in salt-alkali land wheat, to be poured back to Qingshui, but flood irrigation. The time for pouring back to Qingshui should be mastered before returning to the peak of alkali in spring. It is advisable to water the amount of water on the day.

Wheat safe winter four tricks fresh

Covering straw (grass) Before winter, in the dryland wheat row, 300-400 kg wheat straw, crushed wheat straw or other plant wastes are spread per acre, so as to protect the soil and prevent freezing, the soil can be improved and the fertility can be improved after corruption. It is an effective measure for dryland wheat to resist drought, freeze, and increase production. According to the measurement, the soil temperature of no-tillage wheat covered grass was lower than that of uncovered grass at noon. The soil temperature at night at 24 o'clock and at 8 o'clock in the morning was higher than that in the uncovered grass field, showing slow cooling speed and holding time. Long, small temperature difference between day and night, play a certain role in the winter cold resistance of winter wheat seedlings.

Covering feces After winter wheat enters the wintering period, a layer of manure is spread along the ridge (people call it “warm ditch manure”), which can protect the wind, protect the earth, increase the temperature and prevent freezing, and supplement the nutrients for the young seedlings to grow green. The thickness of the manure is preferably 3 to 4 cm. When the manure is insufficient, the late barley, wheat field, sand field, and wheat field where the winter wheat is sown must be covered.

Before the winter, when the wheat seedlings are about to stop growing, the roots of the soil can effectively prevent the wheat from freezing in the wintering period. The year of serious frost damage has a particularly obvious effect, generally increasing the yield by 5% to 10%. .

When spraying chilling damage of Chlormequat in winter wheat, spray the wheat seedlings with 0.3%～0.5% Chlorhexidine solution, which can inhibit plant growth and resist or reduce the occurrence of freezing injury.

Timely winter wheat yield increase

Wheat timely winter irrigation, the first is to stabilize the temperature, to prevent the freezing of dead seedlings; the second is to be able to sink the soil, crush the rubbish, eliminate overwintering pests; third is the combination of winter water and winter fertilizer, can create good conditions for the spring wheat turn green and root growth. In addition, the saline-alkali wheat fields can be fed in winter and can also be alkali-modified. According to the survey, compared with unsealed winter wheat fields, the number of ears per mu increased by 123,000 spikes, the grain weight increased by 1.3 grams, and the yield increased by 27%.

Whether wheat needs winter irrigation, one depends on the lyrics, where winter field water holding below 80% and irrigated wheat fields, should be winter irrigation; Second, look at the seedlings, single planting in more than 1.5 to 2 wheat fields The winter irrigation is more appropriate. Generally weak seedlings, especially single seedlings that are sown late, are best not to be fed in winter, otherwise it is prone to frost damage.

The appropriate time for wheat winter irrigation is generally started at an average temperature of 7°C to 8°C, and ends at about 5°C. The masses' experience is: "The nights are frozen, the winter irrigation is just right." Early winter irrigation, high temperatures, large evaporation, can not receive the desired effect; winter irrigation late, the soil is frozen, the water can not be repaired in time, the area of ​​water freezes, wheat seedlings suffocate under the frozen layer will die, but also Form ice ling, lift up the clod, break the wheat root, and hang the wheat seedlings.

The order of winter irrigation is generally to infiltrate poor clay land, low-lying land, and post-irrigation water-rich sand land; first to fill the second and third types of wheat fields where the bottom is insufficient or the surface of the table is poor. Early, and there is a long trend of wheat.

The amount of winter wheat irrigation should not be too large, so that it can be thoroughly irrigated and seepage is completed on the day; it is generally about 50 to 60 cubic meters per mu. In order to save water, we must do a lot of matching facilities to prevent flooding.

After wheat is irrigated in winter, it is necessary to mark the loose soil in time to heal the cracks so as to increase the temperature and prevent the dead seedlings caused by the wind blow.

What are the benefits of winter wheat urine?

Winter urine pouring wheat is a traditional production increase measures. According to the measurement, human urine generally contains 0.5% of nitrogen, 0.13% of phosphorus, 0.19% of potassium, and 3% of organic matter. Therefore, the urine of wheat can significantly increase the content of available nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil and promote the growth and development of wheat seedlings. Many years of production practice have proved that pouring 250-500 kg of fresh urine per acre in winter can generally increase 25-50 kg of wheat. The effect is very obvious.

What time is the best time for wheat to pour urine?

The specific time for urinating wheat is generally from the beginning of "winter" to the end of "clear and bright", but it is the best time from freezing to before thawing. Before the soil is frozen, it can be poured at any time during the day, but it must be diluted with equal amount of fresh water to prevent burning of the seedlings. During the freezing period, the weather should be sunny and warm at noon or afternoon, and the soil should be poured when the soil is thawed. It can be directly poured without dilution with water. .

What kind of method is better for wheat urine?

There are many methods for urinating wheat. It is best to use squat or guttering, and immediately cover the soil after application. If it is applied, it must be timely slashed and loosen after application to remove the compaction, so as to ensure the protection of the soil. The number of pouring facilities is generally 500 to 750 kilograms per mu, and no more than 1,000 kilograms. Pouring too much, easy to burn seedlings in poorly stricken plots.

Which wheat fields can not pour urine in winter?

One is that wheat fields covered with snow cannot be poured. Because the snow melts after urinating, the ground temperature suddenly drops, and the wheat seedlings are susceptible to freezing; the second is that the saline-alkali fields cannot be poured. Because of the salt content in human urine, pouring into the wheat field will increase the salt content of the soil, which is detrimental to the growth of wheat seedlings.

Winter wheat attention?

Seedling replanting due to leakage of seed, lack of earthworms, underground pests and other reasons, resulting in lack of seedlings broken ridge, timely check seedling reseeding, will replant seed in the cold water bubble 24 hours after drying to ensure seedlings full seedlings uniform.

Elimination of Seedling Pests and Diseases Common seedling pests include soil maggots, migratory locusts, underground pests, and leaf rust, once they are detected and prevented.

After the overwhelming needle wheat enters the three-leaf stage, the nutrient in the seed endosperm is exhausted. The seedlings must rely on their own photosynthesis to produce nutrients for the growth and development needs. This is a crucial period for promoting root growth and pod growth. Overwhelming the needle is a powerful measure, that is, repressing it at the three-leaf stage to control the main stem, promote the delivery of tinea, control the ground and promote the role of the root system.

In the event of rain during the tillering period of the commissariat, the wheat sloping soil should be scratched in time, which will help to eliminate the compaction and promote root growth. For Wang Miao, deep scratch (more than 7 cm), can play a role in root control. Saline-alkali wheat should be washed after rain and prevent back-salt from harming wheat seedlings.

"Covering" has the effect of preventing cold and keeping seedlings from being carried out after the wintering period of wheat is entered. If it is too early, the wheat seedlings will turn yellow; if they are too late, the leaves will be frozen and the operation will be difficult, and the desired effect will not be achieved. After the winter irrigation, on the basis of the recalcitrant soil, bamboo shoots were used to cover the seedlings on the bamboo shoots in the Daxing Zhongrong, and the cover soil was about 2 cm. This technical measure can stabilize the temperature, reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, ensure that the wheat is green over winter, reduce the cracking of the ground, and make up for cracks.

Rolling and compressing the “covers” and rolling the wheat 1 or 2 times before returning to green, crushing the crushed rubbish to make the soil fine and compact, which will help eliminate compaction, cracking, heat preservation, and can be used to prevent soil from leaking. Leakage. This is another important means of drought resistance and cold-preserving seedlings.

It is forbidden to pass through the green leaves preserved during the overwintering period of wheat in the grazing areas of the wheat fields. Photosynthesis can be carried out after returning to green, and it is the main source of nutrients needed for fresh growth. Winter grazing will cause a lot of damage to this part of the green area, weakening the ability to resist cold and reducing yield.