How to prevent eggplant verticillium wilt

Recently, Liu Huanjing, a villager of Jingjia Village, Tangwang Town, Tangwang Town, Licheng District, Jinan City, Shandong Province, and Tian Mingliang of Tianjia Village, Yaoqiang Town, reported that their family eggplants had symptoms of wilting and yellow leaves, and they were required to see and solve the problem on site. On the same day, the author came to the eggplant field of Liu Huayu and Tian Mingliang, and saw that many eggplants began to appear yellow wilting phenomenon, which is a typical symptom of verticillium wilt in eggplant. Eggplant Verticillium wilt is the most common soil-borne disease on eggplant. Once it is onset, it is very difficult to control and the harm is also the most serious. If it cannot be controlled in time, it is easy to cause the occurrence of outbreak.

Field symptoms of eggplant Verticillium wilt often occur after fruiting on the pod, and the disease analysis increases sharply in the fruit stage. At the early stage of disease, the middle and lower leaves of the plant chlorosis or chlorosis on the middle and lower leaves, and gradually develop upwards, so that half of the branches and leaves become yellow and dead, and the fruit is not rigid. Therefore, it is also called half crazy. In severe cases, the whole plant withered and the leaves dried off and became light stalks. Peeling the roots and stems of the cortex reveals that the vascular bundle has turned brown and is also known as black heart disease.

The cause of eggplant Verticillium wilt is a soil-borne disease, and soil-borne bacteria are the main source of pathogens. Verticillium dahliae, mycelium, chlamydospore, and pseudosclerotia are winterized in the soil along with the diseased plant residue, and generally can survive for 6-8 years. The pathogens mainly invade from root wounds and can also invade from the radicle and root hairs and propagate in the vascular bundles of plants. Therefore, cultivating or continuous cropping, the soil contains more bacteria, and the disease is heavy.

In addition, temperature is also an important factor affecting the occurrence of diseases. The general temperature of 20-25 °C is conducive to disease. From the time of eggplant colonization to the flowering stage, the more days the daily average temperature is below 15°C, the earlier the disease becomes heavier. The temperature is above 28°C and the disease is suppressed.

Soil heavy weight, saline-alkali soil, double cropping, partial nitrogen fertilization, roasting roots, planting roots, planting too thin, planting seedlings at midday sun, soil cracking, etc. In particular, watering on a cold day can easily cause an outbreak of Verticillium wilt.

Prevention and control measures to prevent the occurrence of eggplant verticillium wilt disease, transplanting can be applied microbial agent 20-30 kilograms; transplanted before the onset of disease, after the onset of disease with "micro multi-purpose" 800 grams, according to the 300-fold diluted single plant Irrigation, combined with irrigating roots should also be foliar spray, before the onset of the disease with thiazole zinc 400 times plus 6000 times natural alizarin "Shu-feng 481" sprayed leaves, 8-10 days spray once, even spray 2 3 times. For the eggplant that has already developed Verticillium wilt, roots that have begun to rot should be set aside in time. For eggplant that has just begun to show signs of wilting, 300 times the amount of gold in the root can be used for “micro multi-purpose” or thiazole zinc 400 Diluent; also can be used 50% aluminum chloride 300 times copper or 60% aluminum sulfate 500 times aluminum sulphate Irrigation.