Anthracnose is a common disease on peppers, especially in hot seasons. Fruits are burned and anthrax is easy to be accompanied by the loss of commercial value.
Anthracnose mainly damages the pepper fruits and old leaves, but it also infects the stems. The fruit is infected, showing yellowish-brown round spots with water spots, enlarged brown edges at the back, central grayish-brown, lesions with raised concentric rings, integrated by many black or orange-red dots. When the damp surface overflows the red sticky material, the damaged fruit is half soft and rot, and it easily shrinks. The leaves became infected, resulting in near-circular brown spots, gray-brown in the middle, and late-rotated black dots, which caused defoliation in severe cases. Stems and fruit pedicels become diseased, brown spots appear irregularly in short strips, and the epidermis is easily broken when dry.
Pepper anthracnose is caused by the infection of the fungus Subgeronia spp. The pathogenic bacteria are attached to the surface of the seed by conidia or lurking in the seed with mycelium. Seeding the seed with the bacteria can cause seedlings to develop. The bacteria can also use the hyphae or conidia discs to overwinter in the soil with the diseased body and become the initial infestation source in the next season. The conidia that grew after wintering germinated and developed germ tubes, which invaded the wound from the host epidermis. After the onset, a large number of conidia grew and reinfested. High-temperature and high-humidity conditions are conducive to disease. Low-lying, soil-viscosity, poor permeability, insufficient fertilization, excessive nitrogen fertilizer, extensive management, and exposure to wounds and fruits may aggravate the disease.
To prevent and control hot pepper anthrax, comprehensive control measures should be implemented. Sowing soil before sowing, reducing the initial dipping source; selecting disease-free seeds, soaking in hot water at 50°C for 20 minutes; reasonably close-growing, so that the peppers are sealed after the trip, the fruits are not exposed; the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is appropriate; Field accumulation of water; fruit picking in a timely manner; found that the disease was immediately removed and taken out of the field to destroy; serious disease fields and melons and beans and vegetables rotation for 2 to 3 years. In the early stage of disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder or 70% mancozeb wettable powder 500 times spray is used for prevention and treatment. Conservation cultivation can use 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent 250 g per acre fumigation control.
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