Branch grafting is the grafting method using the shoots of the plant as the scion. Branching is generally performed when the sap begins to flow in the spring, the cortex has not yet been exfoliated, or when the rootstock peels but the scions have not yet sprouted. Commonly used grafting techniques include cutting, splicing, splicing, tongue-jointing, etc. Now, the cutting, splicing, and tongue-jointing are introduced as follows. First, cut 1 apply: cut for root neck 1-2 cm thick rootstock for ground grafting. 2 Scion cutting: Scion cut into 5-8 cm long, with 3-4 buds, cut the scion into two noodles, one long and one short, the long bevel is 2-3 cm long and cuts back to the back. A small incline less than 1 cm makes the wedge below the scion flat. 3 Rootstock processing: Cut the rootstock 4-6 cm from the ground. The side of the selected root veneer was thick and smooth with a knife. The knife was cut perpendicularly at the place where the xylem was slightly inside the section of the skin. The depth was slightly shorter than the long bevel of the scion, and the width was equal to the diameter of the scion. 4 Joining: Put the scion into the cut side and insert it into the cut of the rootstock. Make sure that the scion is aligned with the rootstock forming layer. If it cannot be aligned on both sides, align the side. 5 Bundle: Use hemp or plastic strips, etc., and apply sealing wax. Apply wet ripping from the bottom up and scoop 3-4 cm above the scoop. Second, the skin graft 1 Application: The use of skin graft is a commonly used method of grafting, mostly used for high-replacement head, the method is simple and rapid operation, this method must be in the case of sprouting rootstock, peeling can be used . 2 Scallion cut: Cut the scion into 3-5 cm long noodles. If the scion is thick, cut the noodles should be longer. Cut a small cut surface of about 1 cm on the back of the long noodles to sharpen the lower end to form a wedge. The 2-3 buds are reserved for the scions, and the top buds are left to face each other. The thickness of the scion is usually 0.3-0.5 cm. The specific thickness should be determined according to the thickness of the scion and the species. 3 Rootstock processing: Any rootstock with a diameter of 10 cm or more can be inserted into the skin. Select the appropriate height on the rootstock. Select a smoother part to cut off or cut off. The section should be vertical to the branch, and the section should be cut with a knife. To heal. 4 Joining: Select a smooth and curved part on the flattened rootstock, draw a longitudinal incision slightly shorter than the cut noodles through the skin, and reach deep into the xylem. Use the knife to gently stir up both sides of the incision with a knife and put the scion. In the center of the cortical interface, the long section faces the xylem. The xylem is inserted between the xylem and the cortex of the rootstock. Third, the tongue connected 1 Application: This grafting is very suitable for scion and rootstock diameter is very small (diameter 6-12 mm), and the use of the same thickness, the method of the formation of a layer of the anvil ear contact surface is quite large, Healing is quick and it is good for survival. 2 Scioning: Cut a long noodles about 2.5 cm long at the internodes below the base of the scions. The noodles need to be smooth and flat, and then a vertical slit is cut perpendicular to the top 1/3 of the noodles, which is about 1 cm long. This forms a tongue-shaped mouth downward. 3 rootstock processing: the method with the scion cut. 4 joint: the scion and the tongue of the rootstock butt joints, forming a layer alignment, can not be aligned on both sides, but also to one side, to maximize the formation of layer contact. 5 Bundle: Use a plastic strip to secure the connector securely. After grafting, it is necessary to check the survival condition in time and release the tied objects. Generally, it takes 20-30 days to see whether it survives or not. After survival, the direction of the selected position is better, and the upper one that grows robustly grows and the rest is removed. For those who have not survived, a strong branch should be selected from the roots and the rest cut off to make it grow robustly and be used as a graft for the next spring. After the fruit trees are grafted, they become semi-emerged seedlings, and the spring branches are harvested in the fall of the year. For the normal growth and development of grafted seedlings, a series of management measures are also needed. During the period of June-July, 1-2 times of topdressing, 10-15 kg of urea per acre can be traced, and water can be used to lift the seedlings. It is also possible to dig trenches buried in the soil 2 inches away from the original seedlings, and timely irrigation after top dressing. Can also use 0.3% -0.5% urea solution for foliar spray.
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