1. Chestnut ecological adaptability Chestnut has strong adaptability to climate and soil and other environmental conditions, and its cultivation scope is very wide. Chestnut is most suitable for slightly acidic to neutral soils, with ph values ​​between 4.6 and -7 and salt content not exceeding 0.2%. Alkaline soils leave yellow leaves and poor growth. Danjiangkou Jiangnan, Jiangbei Daheng Mountain, and Dagou are suitable for development. When planting, low mountains should be selected. The Yueling soil is deep and the fertile, moist and sunny slopes are opened to the afforestation. Shade slopes should not be planted. Second, improved varieties of large fruit varieties in the South have (1) red hair early, produced in Lake Beijing Mountain County. (2) Large chestnuts are produced in Zigui. (3) Early chestnut, Zhongchi chestnut, wool chestnut, and sweet-scented osmanthus were produced in Luotian. (4) Nine species, produced in Wu County, Jiangsu Province. (5) Light top oil chestnut, selected for planting in Jiangsu Province. There are (1) Jinfeng, which is produced in Shandong Zhaoyuan County. (2) Haifeng and Shifeng, produced in Haiyang County, Shandong Province. (3) Yanfeng, produced in Huairou County, Beijing. (4) Yanshan Red and Yanchang, produced in Changping County, Beijing. Both the southern and the northern improved species of Danjiangkou City can be planted with only a small amount of rain, and it may be better to plant northern improved varieties. It is recommended to introduce and develop the Jinfeng improved species selected from the fruit tree research in Shandong Province and the selected albino varieties cultivated in Zhengzhou Fruit Tree Research. . Chestnut is a cross-pollination tree species, generally should be selected with the same flowering varieties of the main cultivars, maturity of the same species as pollination varieties, according to 5--8:1 mixed planting. Third, nurturing strong seedling chestnut seedlings: The common anvil application is more common, but also useful wild chestnut (two chestnut) as rootstock, but chestnut and chestnut can not be used as rootstock, its grafted seedlings is not easy to survive. Seed treatment: Chestnut seed is afraid of dryness, heat, and freezing. After the seeds are selected, they are worm-killed with aluminum phosphide and sterilized with 100 times thiophanate-methyl solution. After the seeds are treated, they are stored in a clean and moist river sand layer. . Sowing: From early March to early April, one-foot spacing and five-and-six-inch plant spacing are required. The seedlings should have a stem diameter of 0.8cm or more, a seedling height of 1m or more, a well-developed root system, and 10,000 per 666.7m2 seedlings. . Timely grafting: There are a lot of tannins in the chestnut branches, and grafting is not easy to survive. Therefore, we must choose a good period and pay attention to the grafting method to increase the survival rate. From August to October, it is suitable for budding. In the spring, 20 days before germination, makeup and cutting can be performed before sap is fully circulated. The use of subcutaneous access should be performed after the newly emerged leaves and sap are fully flowed, approximately 20 days after the rootstock germinates. Scions should be harvested before germination as early as possible, stored in sand at low temperature in the shade, and can also be stored in the freezer under certain conditions. Fourth, land preparation and afforestation The slopes can be fully site-graded, slopes should be built into horizontal terraces, and large slopes should be taken from fish scale pits. Planting density, generally afforestation is 22-33 plants per 666.7 m2, spacing between 5x6m and 4x5m. Basal fertilizer should be applied before afforestation, and large seedlings with 2--3 years of life and complete root system should be used. When the roots are planted, they should be exposed on the ground. Do not plant them too deeply. After planting irrigation, cover the nest again. V. Lilin Management Lilin Management mainly focuses on water and soil conservation, water and fertilizer management, and pruning and shaping. Dig a deep trench in the chestnut tree plate and apply organic fertilizer deeply. During the growth period of chestnut, it should be ploughed and weeded in February-March, June-July and August-September to promote the growth results. Trees, summer flowers, autumn leaves a large chestnut." Combining with cultivating wounds and applying nitrogen fertilizer 2 - 3 times. Chestnuts are empty, which is caused by lack of boron. It can be used to apply borax 0.5kg during the autumn and winter ring fertilization, or spraying 0.2% urea, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate during the flowering period for extra-root dressing. Chestnut plastic surgery, generally use trunk evacuation layered shape, can enable the evacuation of the crown, good air permeability, is conducive to tree growth and fruiting. During plastic surgery, the height of the stem was about 0.8m, and the trunk continued to be extended. As the central leadership branch, three strong branches with an angle of 60 degrees were selected as the first main branch, and the distance between the layers was maintained within 30cm. With the growth of the central leadership branch, select two branches up to 1m above the main branch and the first branch to be the second main branch. Set a distance of about 0.6m from the main branch of the second floor. 1- - 2 branches for the third main cap. At the same time, select the remaining branches on the main branch, leaving 3 on the first branch, 2 to 3 on the second, and 1 to 2 on the third. Collaterals should be staggered up and down to avoid overlap. After pruning by pruning and pruning, it is mainly to remove dense branches, thin branches, branches and dead branches, and the remaining branches are generally not pruned.