Potato film high-yielding cultivation techniques

The winter and spring potato film mulching cultivation is a new and efficient cultivation method in the Jianghan Plain in recent years. It is generally sowed in mid-February and harvested from late May to early June. The per mu yield can reach 2000kg or more, at this time the eggplant and melon vegetables Not yet listed in large quantities, the market price is around 1.2 yuan/kg, and the benefits are considerable. Most of the potato growth period is in the winter period, and the management is simple. It is particularly suitable for the agricultural area as an intercropping intercropping between the winter agricultural development project and other crops.

First, plowing the soil before the winter, early application of organic fertilizer as base fertilizer.

Choose sandy soil suitable for potato growth, deep tillage 2-3 times after harvesting late rice or cotton, combine deep-cultivated per acre with alum or ash 2000-3000kg as basic fertilizer in the middle and early January to promote soil maturation and loosening. At the end of January and early February, Baotou ditch 1-1.2m will be used as a trench (approximately 30cm in width). After the central trench is opened, 40kg of compound fertilizer will be applied per acre.

Second, first use fine seeds, fine germination.

Potatoes grown in plastic film should be selected from early potato varieties such as Hubei Potato No.1, Chuanxiongzao, and Nanzhong 552 to avoid high-temperature tuber potatoes. 15-20 days before sowing, dig the seeded potatoes (50g/grain or more) or whole potatoes (20-30g/grain) to germinate, soak them with 1-2mg/L gibberellin solution for 5-10 minutes, cut the seed potatoes The soaking concentration should be low and the time should be short. After gibberellin treatment, it is covered with wet river sand or wet straw, placed in a greenhouse to germinate, ensure that the temperature is 18-20°C, and the air humidity is about 70%. After 10 days, shoots can be budded. Promote potato stout green stout.

Third, timely sowing, reasonable dense planting.

Before planting, 20cm from both sides of each side of the plant, a high ridge, ridge height 30cm, and then open 10cm shallow ridge in the ridge, the germination of seed potatoes placed in the ditch, plant spacing 20cm, planting 7000 points per acre around, with species 150 -200kg, covered with fine soil after sowing, and then covered with a 1m wide micro-membrane surface, four weeks compaction. The temperature of the mulching potato was still low at the time of sowing. The main roots were long shoots and the buds grew very slowly. In early March, potatoes have emerged one after another.

Fourth, fertilizer and earth.

After the emergence of potatoes, seedlings should be treated with dilute human feces and urine 1-2 times. In mid-April, they will be sent to the hair-fed stage. They need to be re-choked once and promote potato fertilizer. Each mu uses 2000kg of manure and 10kg of compound fertilizer, or In the hole between the strains buried fertilizer. Plastic film potatoes generally do not lack water, but the tuber period (mid-April to mid-May) drought needs water channeling, the water level does not exceed half the depth of the ditch. In the period of hair extension, we should pay special attention to soil cultivation. On the one hand we can remove the weeds from the film, and on the other hand, promote the formation of more lychees in potatoes, avoid litchi growing out of the soil and turn into shoots on the ground, or avoid seeing light from the potatoes turning green. Increasing production has an important role.

Fifth, timely harvest.

In the middle and late May of May, the harvest period can be flexibly controlled according to the market and the situation after harvesting.

Six, two sets of mode.

1. Potato + Watermelon + Late Rice: Potatoes are chopped at 1-1.2m, so that each seedling stays 3 days and leaves an empty space for watermelon reservation; in early April, watermelon seedlings are planted in the end of April and 0.5 rows are used to transplant the watermelons in empty spaces. On both sides, one line and two lines, potato harvested and ditched in the middle of the open space. The two wide rows of watermelons were merged to form a width of 4-4.5m, vines climbed, and 550 watermelons per acre were planted; in mid-July, After harvesting, watermelons are planted in late rice.

2, potatoes + hybrid cotton: Potato sowing when the package ditch 2m do 畦, 畦 surface width 1.7m, 畦 各 each side broadcast a row of potatoes; hybrid cotton seedlings in early April, late April to early May transplanting two rows of cotton in 畦 central Narrow row spacing is 0.8m, wide row spacing is 1.2m, and spacing is 0.4m. After the potatoes are harvested, ditch the cotton between the two narrow rows of cotton in the middle of the crop to form a new sulcus and sorghum, forming a bundle of two wide rows of cotton. Two narrow rows of cotton are divided on both sides of the sulcus.