Silage is produced from the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria under the condition of sealed and oxygen-free crop straw. With the characteristics of fragrant, soft, juicy, and good palatability, it becomes one of the best roughage for cattle, sheep and other grass-eating livestock. To improve feed intake, increase milk production, and improve the good effect of public opinion. From mid-September, corn in our province has gradually entered the harvest period, which is also the golden season for corn silage silage. The following combination of reality, the author on how to do a good job corn silage is described as follows: 1, the preparation of silage facilities: silage facilities are silage, silage towers, silage, etc., the most common use of silage in our province. The silo should be built on a high dry terrain with hard soil. Close to the barn, away from the water source and the pit, it should be firm, airtight, and watertight. The interior should be smooth and flat with a narrow width above the bottom. The bottom must be more than 0.5 meters above the ground water level to prevent groundwater seepage. Silage tanks are generally divided into three types: ground, semi-underground and underground. Due to the low groundwater level in North China, semi-underground conditions are appropriate. 2. Selection of harvesting time: The whole plant (with panicle) silage has the highest nutritional value and should be stored during the period from corn growth to milk ripening and wax ripening (ie, about 15 to 20 days before corn harvesting); the corn straw silage should be After the corn matures, the straw is harvested immediately to ensure more green leaves. If the harvesting time is too late, open storage will result in a decrease in sugar content, moisture loss, rot of the straw, and ultimately a decline in the quality and success rate of the silage. 3, corn stalk chopped: In order to ensure the formation of anoxic environment, corn stalk must be chopped, the length of 2 to 3 cm is appropriate. Small-scale silos can be manually smashed; large silos must be minced with a chopper; corn whole plant silage, the best conditions for the use of large silage combine harvester directly to the corn field harvest. 4. Filling of corn stalks: It is necessary to concentrate manpower and equipment when loading, and try to shorten the exposure time of raw materials in the air. The faster the loading, the better. The small pool should be completed in 1 day, medium-sized pool 2 to 3 days, large pool 3 to 6 days. Before filling, clean the silo first. Fill the bottom of the tank with a layer of 10-15 cm thick chopped straw or soft grass to absorb the juice from the upper part. The large silo is installed from one end, pushed with a bulldozer, and gradually pushed toward the other end to a height of about 1 meter above the pool; the small silo is filled from the bottom to the top, each filled with 30 cm of artificial one time , has been filled with silos and about 70 cm above the pool. The compactness of silage should be appropriate, and the sinking of the feed should not exceed 8% to 10% of the depth after completion of fermentation. When filling, adding 0.5% of urea and 0.3% of salt can increase its nutritional value. 5. Sealing pool of straw silage: When filling 30 cm from the pool, put plastic film on the pool wall to seal the pool. Silage corn harvest timely, most of the green leaves, about 60% of the water can not add water; if the yellow leaves account for more than half, that should add water, generally add water 10% to 15%, while adding side-mounted to ensure that water and raw materials mixed Uniform. After the silo is full, the top of the pool is covered with a plastic film, and then wet soil is pressed for 20 to 30 centimeters to cover the tamping and stacking into a bow shape to facilitate drainage. 6. Management after sealing the pool: 1 Dig a drainage ditch about 1 meter from the silo to prevent rainwater from seeping into the pool. 2 After entering the lactic acid fermentation stage 5 to 6 days after storage, the silage is dehydrated and softened. When the seal is collapsed or collapsed, it should be replenished promptly to prevent leakage of water. 3 Prevent trampling of livestock, prevent rats, and ensure the quality of silage. 7. Use of silage: After about one month of corn silage, that is, fermentation is completed, and it can be used for open cellar. High-quality silage is greenish or yellow-brown, with a savory scent, soft and moist texture, can see the veins and villi on the stems and leaves, and is a quality roughage for cattle, sheep and other grass-eating livestock. When taking silage, it must start from the end of the silo, according to a certain thickness, layered from top to bottom, to prevent mixing of the soil, should not be dig from a hole. It is advisable to take the amount of each day for feeding one day. After the silage is taken out, the silo pool opening must be closed immediately to prevent the deterioration of the feed caused by the long-term contact of the silage with air. (Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Bureau, Fengrun District, Tangshan City)
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