How to control the uniformity of broiler chickens

The term of laying hens refers to the period from the end of brooding to the start of production, which is generally 7 weeks to 20 weeks. The quality of broiler chickens has a great impact on the production performance of laying hens throughout their lives. The main task of the breeding period is to ensure that the broiler chicken has a high survival rate and a fully developed body, and strictly controls weight and sexual maturation, and develops a qualified chicken group with a uniformity of more than 85% and a high yield potential. Uniformity mainly includes body shape, weight, and sexual maturity. In actual production, the weight uniformity is the most important. Weight uniformity refers to the percentage of birds in the population whose body weight is within 10% of the standard body weight. Uniformity can reflect the quality of broiler chickens and can also reflect the management level of chicks and broilers. Therefore, the degree of evenness directly determines the production performance of late chickens. There are several measures to improve the uniformity of broiler chickens.

Regular random sampling and weighing

Make sure to weigh once a week: Weighing is an effective way to correctly assess the average weight and evenness of a flock population. Groups can be weighed before 3 weeks of age, and each group has about 30 chickens. Individuals can be weighed after 3 weeks of age. The percentage of withdrawal depends on the size of the flock. Generally, it should account for 5% of the total flock of chickens (more than 5,000 chickens can be selected from 2% to 3%, 1000 to 5000 Chickens can be collected in 5%), and should not be less than 100, and small groups should not be less than 50. The test chickens were weighed and recorded separately.

Weighing time: on the same day of the week to ensure accurate weighing. Only in this way can we truly understand the growth and development of the flock.

The weighted results were compared with the standard weight of the week, and then the feeding amount was adjusted next month so that the birds were always in a proper weight range.

In the process of weight management, from 4 weeks of age, the skeleton development was measured once every 2 weeks to observe whether it was consistent with the development of body weight. Generally, the length of the sacrum (that is, the part from the paw to the ankle joint) is measured. At least 90% of the length of the scapula should be a standard length, and the length should not exceed 5% of the standard value.

Timely and rational group transfer

According to the test results, judge the size of the chicken group and the strength of the body, adjust the chicken group and management in a timely manner, and adjust the feeding level according to the development of the small group. The chickens with discriminating mistakes, poor development and obvious illnesses should be eliminated in time, the dead chickens should be dealt with promptly, and the caged laying hens should be replenished in a timely manner to ensure that the number of chickens per cage is consistent. The chickens with weaker constitution and smaller individuals were intensively reared and the time for reloading was postponed so that they could reach the standard as soon as possible, thereby improving the overall evenness.

Adjust the breeding density

Feeding density is a very important aspect of determining the evenness of the flock. When the stocking density is too high, the flock is limited in activity, the chickens are chaotic, the competition is fierce, and the food intake and drinking water are uneven, the growth is slow, and it is easy to make some chickens lose weight and affect the evenness of the flock; if the density is too small, the raising cost is increase. According to the chicken house and equipment configuration, the breeding density is recommended as follows: Ground leveling, 7 weeks to 14 weeks of age, 10 to 12 per square meter, 15 weeks to 20 weeks of age, 6 per square meter 8 to 8; on-line flat raising, 7 to 14 weeks of age, 12 to 14 per square meter, 15 weeks to 20 weeks of age, 8 to 10 per square meter; three-dimensional cages, 7 weeks of age~ At 14 weeks of age, 20 to 24 per square meter, 15 weeks to 20 weeks of age, 12 to 16 per square meter.

Ensure that the chickens eat evenly and properly

Provide plenty of food, drinking equipment, ensure that there is ample feeding area, the feed must be evenly distributed, as much as possible to reduce competition for chickens. For caged laying hens, the feeding in the trough should be uniform. After each feeding, the broth must be crushed 4 to 5 times to ensure that the chickens feed evenly. Online raising and ground feeding, in order to ensure that each chicken has a sufficient material level, according to the situation to increase the auxiliary barrel. To ensure the quality of feed, according to the changes in body weight, the amount of feed should be properly adjusted. When the body weight exceeds the standard, the feed amount of the previous week can be maintained. When the standard weight is lower than the standard weight, each chicken is increased by 3 times per day. Grams ~ 5 grams of material.

Strengthen feeding management

Prevent the occurrence of high temperature, high humidity, low temperature and low humidity. The temperature in breeding rooms should be maintained at 15°C~30°C. Pay attention to cold weather and ventilation, remove harmful gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide to ensure sufficient fresh air. supply.

To control the light intensity, the light time should not be too short, and the intensity should not be strong to prevent precocious puberty. Farmers need to develop a reasonable lighting system based on the differences between closed chicken houses or open chicken houses. Closed-type broiler houses generally adopt a gradually decreasing light system, which is suitable for light of 8 hours to 9 hours per day; open-type houses are mainly based on natural light. The autumn brooding is in a period when the sunshine is gradually shortening and is basically in line with the lighting time required by the bred hens. In the period when the sunshine is gradually increasing in the spring, the lighting time required for rearing the broilers is the opposite, and the idea is to be manually controlled.

Regular excrement, cleaning and disinfecting barrels (slots), drinking fountains, chicken disinfection, reduce the incidence of disease. For chickens raised on the ground, keep the litter clean and dry to create a good environment for the chicken.

Do a good job of epidemic prevention. The major infectious diseases to be prevented during the breeding period are Newcastle disease, chicken pox, infectious bronchitis, etc. It is necessary to prevent coccidiosis in the rainy season. In the spring and autumn, insect repellent is mainly used to repel nematodes and aphids. Before the start of production, a newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, and egg drop syndrome triple vaccines should be immunized and dewormed. Since the epidemic prevention during the breeding period is relatively frequent, the immunization procedures should be improved and the vaccine should be used scientifically to avoid excessive stress on chickens. This will also help ensure the uniformity of the chicken population.

Timely breaks, breaks accurately, and scale-breeding hens are cut off. The purpose of the implementation of cutting off is to avoid fighting each other and reduce feed wastage. It is recommended that the deafness be carried out at the age of 6 days to 9 days. When the deafness is broken, it should be performed with a debridement device. The length of the deafness should be observed to avoid bleeding. Vitamin K can be added to the diet or water 2 days before and after the break to reduce bleeding and reduce stress. Method of breaking the crucible: gently press the throat of the chicken by hand to retract the tongue and avoid scalding. The upper jaw is cut off by 1/2 and the lower jaw is broken by 1/3. The cutting blade is in contact with the chicken for 2 to 3 seconds. The upper and lower jaws of the chicken are burned one at a time, reducing the risk of infection, and reducing the risk of the chicks at that time and later. Excited. The chickens that have had poor results for the first time, such as missed cuts, long cuts, and ups and downs, are required to supplement the cuts and repairs.

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